Investigation on Summer Thermal Comfort and Passive Thermal Improvements in Naturally Ventilated Nepalese School Buildings

Students require a comfortable thermal environment for better academic learning and health in general. In Nepal, the majority of school buildings are constructed using local materials, but little consideration is provided to required comfort. Therefore, this study demonstrates advantages passive design measures through simulation that can be used either early stages or as retrofit determine how building performs terms comfort environment. First, students were evaluated field surveys. Subsequently, was performed investigate operative temperatures classroom Kathmandu. DesignBuilder software create base model simulated temperature validated measured globe temperature. strategies, such natural ventilation, insulation, mass, applied analysed. The survey showed indoor outdoor air correlated, perceived hotter preferred cooler Within context, average 26.9 °C. results reduced below 27 °C with maximum reduction 3.3 due integrated impact, which within limit during hours. This helps Nepalese way by considering strategies architectural make classrooms more thermally comfortable.